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Blue Balls is a slang term for the condition of temporary fluid congestion (Vasocongestion) in the Testicles and Prostate region, accompanied by acute Testicular pain, or a prolonged dull aching pain emanating from the Prostate, caused by prolonged and unsatisfied sexual arousal in the human male.

The term is thought to have originated in the United States, first appearing in 1916.

Some Urologists call the condition, "Epididymal Hypertension".

The condition is not universally experienced by all males.

Although widely discussed, there has been scant information in medical research literature until an article by, Chalett and Nerenberg, in the official peer-reviewed journal of, "Pediatrics" (2000), which found little formal data regarding the condition - but, concluded that "the treatment is sexual release, or perhaps straining to move a very heavy object".

"Blue Balls" is the popular slang term for Vasocongestion in the male genital area, characterized by a dull Pain in the lower body. The Testicles do not actually turn blue. Instead, a bluish tint appears on the skin of the Scrotum (although this may not happen in every case).

When a sexually-matured male is aroused, the following happens:

01. The male's Parasympathetic Nervous System increases its inputs, causing an increased flow of blood and Lymphatic fluids to the genital area.

02. Concurrently, muscles that control fluid outflow constrict, resulting in a net increase of fluid concentration.

03. These actions combine to ensure that regional blood pressure is high enough to sustain an erection for penetration during sexual intercourse.

04. During this process, the Testicles also increase in size by about 25% - 50%.

When the male achieves orgasm and ejaculates, either through intercourse or masturbation, the constricted muscles relax and the additional fluids expel from the Penis. The Penis and Testicles then return to their normal size.

However, when there is prolonged sexual arousal without eventual ejaculation, the bodily fluids will pool, causing congestion in the Testicles and the Prostate region. The blood becomes oxygen-deprived and turns bluish, giving the condition its moniker.

The technical term for this condition is, Vasocongestion, which is often accompanied by a cramp-like ache at the lower abdomen, Pain and tenderness of the Testes, and a lingering sensation of heaviness and discomfort in the lower body.

The female Homologue is usually referred to by the more general term, "Pelvic Congestion", or "Pink Ovaries".